By Dr BS Ankit Nehra, Medical Oncologist, HCG Cancer Centre, Jaipur

Lung cancer continues to be a significant health challenge globally, but there is hope in the progress being made through research, early detection, and advancements in treatment. While misconceptions about the disease still exist, efforts to dispel these myths are crucial for increasing awareness and improving outcomes. By understanding the facts about lung cancer, individuals can better protect their lung health, make informed decisions, and access life-saving interventions earlier.

Lung cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the lungs, where abnormal cells grow uncontrollably and can form tumors. These tumors can interfere with normal lung function, affecting breathing and overall health. It often develops with subtle symptoms, which can sometimes lead to late-stage diagnosis. Common signs include a persistent cough, chest pain, unexplained weight loss, hoarseness, shortness of breath, and coughing up blood. It’s important to be proactive and consult a healthcare professional if any of these symptoms arise, especially for individuals with a history of smoking or other risk factors.

Myth 1: Only Smokers Get Lung Cancer

While smoking is a significant risk factor, it’s not the only one. Studies indicate that around 10-20% of lung cancer cases occur in non-smokers, linked to exposures like secondhand smoke, air pollution, radon gas, and asbestos. Genetic factors also contribute, making it possible for even lifelong non-smokers to develop lung cancer.

Myth 2: Lung Cancer Only Affects Older Adults

Though often associated with older age, lung cancer can occur at any age. Although diagnosis is more common in those over 70, younger people and even teenagers may develop it due to genetic mutations or environmental exposures. Research shows an increase in lung cancer cases among those aged 20-49, highlighting the need for awareness across age groups.

Myth 3: There’s No Point in Quitting Smoking After Years

Quitting smoking at any age dramatically reduces the risk of developing lung cancer, as well as other smoking-related diseases. Health data indicates that within 10 years of quitting, the risk of dying from lung cancer drops by about half compared to someone who continues smoking. The benefits of quitting extend far beyond lung cancer, improving overall quality of life.

Myth 4: Lung Cancer Screening Isn’t Necessary Without Symptoms

Many people believe screenings are unnecessary if they’re symptom-free, but early detection is key to survival. Regular screening, particularly for high-risk individuals (such as long-term smokers), can catch lung cancer at an early stage when treatment is more effective. Studies have shown that low-dose CT scans can reduce lung cancer mortality by around 20% compared to chest X-rays, emphasizing the value of proactive health checks.

Myth 5: There’s No Way to Prevent Lung Cancer

While not all lung cancer cases are preventable, several measures can significantly reduce the risk. Avoiding tobacco, reducing exposure to secondhand smoke and environmental pollutants, testing homes for radon, and minimizing contact with asbestos are all impactful steps. Additionally, a diet rich in antioxidants from fruits and vegetables can play a role in supporting lung health.

Raising awareness and debunking myths surrounding lung cancer can empower individuals to take preventive actions, advocate regular screenings, and engage in discussions about early symptoms. With better understanding, we can take steps toward a future where early detection and prevention become the norm in battling this challenging disease.